Top 10 Must Do Activities in Uganda and Rwanda

Discover the top must do activities in Uganda and Rwanda, from gorilla trekking and wildlife safaris to cultural encounters and scenic adventures. Plan your ultimate African journey today!

Uganda and Rwanda, two landlocked gems in East Africa, offer a wealth of unforgettable experiences for travelers seeking adventure, wildlife, culture, and natural beauty.

Often referred to as the “Pearl of Africa” (Uganda) and the “Land of a Thousand Hills” (Rwanda), these neighboring countries provide a diverse range of activities that cater to thrill-seekers, nature lovers, and cultural enthusiasts alike.

From tracking endangered mountain gorillas to exploring vibrant cities and relaxing by serene lakes, Uganda and Rwanda are destinations that promise life-changing moments.

Below is an in-depth exploration of the top 10 must-do activities in thesecountries, crafted to inspire and guide your journey.

You may also like a 10 Days Rwanda Uganda Safari

Must Do Activities in Uganda and Rwanda

 Gorilla Trekking in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (Uganda) and Volcanoes National Park (Rwanda)

Gorilla trekking is the crown jewel of tourism in both Uganda and Rwanda, offering a rare opportunity to come face-to-face with endangered mountain gorillas in their natural habitat.

With only around 1,063 mountain gorillas left in the world, this experience is a bucket-list adventure that combines physical challenge, emotional connection, and conservation awareness.

Uganda (Bwindi Impenetrable National Park): Bwindi, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is home to nearly half of the world’s mountain gorilla population.

The park’s dense, misty forests create a mystical backdrop for trekking. Visitors join guided treks, led by experienced rangers, to track one of the habituated gorilla families.

The trek can last anywhere from 2 to 7 hours, depending on the gorillas’ location, and involves navigating steep, muddy trails. Once you find the gorillas, you’re allowed one precious hour to observe them feeding, playing, and interacting.

The cost of a Uganda gorilla permit is $800, making it more affordable than Rwanda, but permits are in high demand, so booking 6–12 months in advance is recommended.

Rwanda (Volcanoes National Park): In Rwanda, Volcanoes National Park is the epicenter of gorilla trekking.

The park, part of the Virunga Mountains, hosts 11 habituated gorilla families, with only eight people allowed to track each group daily.

Treks begin with a 7 a.m. briefing at the park headquarters in Musanze, followed by a hike through bamboo forests and volcanic terrain.

 Rwanda gorilla permits cost $1,500, reflecting the country’s investment in conservation and tourism infrastructure.

The experience is equally profound, with the added allure of Rwanda’s well-organized tourism sector and stunning volcanic landscapes.

Tips: The dry seasons (June–September and December–February) are ideal for trekking in both countries due to better trail conditions.

Wear sturdy hiking boots, bring rain gear, and prepare for a physically demanding but rewarding experience. Hiring a porter (available for a small fee) supports local communities and eases the trek.

Chimpanzee Trekking in Kibale National Park (Uganda)

Uganda is often called the primate capital of East Africa, and Kibale National Park is the best place to track wild chimpanzees.

With over 1,500 chimpanzees and 12 other primate species, Kibale offers an immersive experience into the lives of our closest relatives, who share 98.7% of human DNA.

What to Expect: Chimpanzee trekking in Kibale involves a guided hike through the lush rainforest, listening for the distinctive calls of chimps.

Treks typically last 2–4 hours, culminating in an hour spent observing the chimpanzees as they swing through trees, groom each other, or forage.

The park is also home to black-and-white colobus monkeys, red-tailed monkeys, and vervet monkeys, adding to the biodiversity.

A standard chimpanzee permit costs $200, while the chimpanzee habituation experience, which allows for a full day with the chimps, costs $250.

Why It Stands Out: The habituation experience is unique to Uganda and allows visitors to spend extended time with researchers as they study and habituate chimps to human presence.

This deeper engagement offers unparalleled insights into chimpanzee behavior and conservation efforts.

Tips: Book permits in advance, especially for the habituation experience, as spots are limited. Morning treks are recommended for better visibility and cooler temperatures.

Combine your visit with a trip to nearby Queen Elizabeth National Park for a comprehensive wildlife experience.

Wildlife Safaris in Queen Elizabeth and Akagera National Parks

Both Uganda and Rwanda offer exceptional wildlife safaris, showcasing Africa’s iconic animals in diverse ecosystems.

Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda and Akagera National Park in Rwanda provide opportunities to see the Big Five (lion, leopard, elephant, buffalo, and rhino) and other species in stunning landscapes.

Uganda (Queen Elizabeth National Park): Located in western Uganda, Queen Elizabeth National Park is renowned for its biodiversity, hosting 96 mammal species, including tree-climbing lions in the Ishasha sector, elephants, buffalo, and hippos. A highlight is the boat safari on the Kazinga Channel, where you can see crocodiles, hippos, and abundant birdlife up close.

Game drives offer chances to spot leopards and hyenas, while the park’s savannas, wetlands, and forests create a varied backdrop. Hot air balloon safaris are also available for a unique perspective.

Rwanda (Akagera National Park): Just two hours from Kigali, Akagera National Park is Rwanda’s only savanna park, covering 1,100 square kilometers near the Tanzanian border.

Reintroduced rhinos and lions have bolstered its Big Five credentials, and the park’s wetlands, lakes, and savannas teem with giraffes, zebras, and antelopes.

Boat safaris on Lake Ihema offer sightings of hippos, crocodiles, and waterbirds, while night game drives provide a chance to spot nocturnal species. Akagera’s conservation success story, with rewilding efforts, makes it a compelling destination.

Tips: In both parks, early morning or late afternoon game drives maximize wildlife sightings. Bring binoculars and a camera with a zoom lens. In Akagera, consider staying at a lodge like Ruzizi Tented Lodge for an immersive experience.

White-Water Rafting and Adventure Activities in Jinja (Uganda)

Jinja, known as the “adventure capital of East Africa,” is where the Nile River begins its journey from Lake Victoria.

This vibrant town offers a thrilling array of activities, from white-water rafting to kayaking, bungee jumping, and quad biking, making it a haven for adrenaline junkies.

What to Expect: White-water rafting on the Nile’s Grade 5 rapids is the star attraction, with half-day or full-day trips led by expert guides.

For a more relaxed experience, try tubing or a sunset cruise to the source of the Nile. Jinja also offers horseback riding, mountain biking, and zip-lining, all set against the backdrop of colonial-era architecture and bustling markets.

Why It Stands Out: The combination of world-class adventure sports and the Nile’s historical significance makes Jinja unique.

The town’s laid-back vibe and scenic beauty also make it a great place to unwind after high-energy activities.

Tips: Book with reputable operators like Nile River Explorers for safety. Visit during the dry season for optimal water conditions. Explore Jinja’s local markets and cafes for a taste of Ugandan culture.

Visit the Genocide Memorials in Kigali (Rwanda)

Rwanda’s tragic history, marked by the 1994 genocide, is commemorated at sites like the Kigali Genocide Memorial and Nyamata Church Visiting these memorials offers a sobering yet essential understanding of Rwanda’s resilience and journey toward reconciliation.

What to Expect: The Kigali Genocide Memorial, located in Rwanda’s capital, is a museum and burial site for over 250,000 victims. It provides a detailed history of the genocide, with exhibits on its causes, events, and aftermath.

Nyamata Church, 30 km from Kigali, is a haunting site where 10,000 Tutsis were killed. Visitors can see bullet holes, bloodstained clothes, and mass graves, offering a stark reminder of the tragedy. Guided tours provide context and honor the survivors’ stories.

Why It Stands Out: These memorials are not just historical sites but symbols of Rwanda’s remarkable recovery. They educate visitors about the importance of unity and peace, making them a profound cultural experience.

Tips: Prepare emotionally for the visit, as the content is heavy.

Respectful behavior, such as dressing modestly and refraining from photography in sensitive areas, is essential. Combine with a visit to Kigali’s vibrant markets or art galleries for a balanced day.

Boat Cruises on Lake Victoria and Lake Bunyonyi (Uganda)

Lake Victoria, Africa’s largest lake, and Lake Bunyonyi, Uganda’s most picturesque lake, offer serene boat cruises that showcase stunning scenery, wildlife, and cultural heritage.

Lake Victoria: Shared by Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya, Lake Victoria is the source of the Nile and a hub for activities like fishing, birdwatching, and boat cruises.

A cruise from Entebbe or Jinja allows you to spot otters, crocodiles, and birds like the grey-crowned crane. The nearby Ngamba Island Chimpanzee Sanctuary, accessible by boat, is a must-visit for primate lovers.

Lake Bunyonyi: Known as the “place of many little birds,” Lake Bunyonyi’s 29 islands and terraced hills create a magical setting.

Dugout canoe rides reveal stories of islands like Punishment Island, where unwed pregnant women were once abandoned. Eco-lodges like Byoona Amargara offer relaxing stays with stunning views.

Tips: Avoid swimming in Lake Victoria due to the risk of bilharzia. Book accommodations in advance for Lake Bunyonyi, especially during peak seasons. Bring sunscreen and a hat for daytime cruises.

Hiking the Rwenzori Mountains (Uganda) and Volcanoes National Park (Rwanda)

For hiking enthusiasts, the Rwenzori Mountains in Uganda and the volcanic peaks of Rwanda’s Volcanoes National Park offer challenging treks with breathtaking rewards.

Uganda (Rwenzori Mountains): Known as the “Mountains of the Moon,” the Rwenzoris are a UNESCO World Heritage Site with peaks like Mt. Ngaliema (5,109 m).

Treks range from day hikes to multi-day expeditions, showcasing glaciers, alpine meadows, and unique flora like giant lobelias. The Central Circuit Trail is a popular route for experienced hikers.

Rwanda (Volcanoes National Park): Beyond gorilla trekking, Volcanoes National Park offers hikes to peaks like Mt. Bisoke (3,711 m), with its crater lake, or the more strenuous Mt. Karisimbi (4,507 m).

The hikes traverse bamboo forests and volcanic landscapes, with chances to see golden monkeys and rare birds.

Tips: Hire experienced guides and porters for safety and support. Pack layered clothing for unpredictable mountain weather. The dry seasons are best for hiking in both regions.

Birdwatching in Mabamba Swamp (Uganda) and Nyungwe Forest (Rwanda)

With over 1,000 bird species in Uganda and 650 in Rwanda, these countries are birdwatching havens. Mabamba Swamp and Nyungwe Forest are premier destinations for spotting rare and endemic species.

Uganda (Mabamba Swamp): Near Entebbe, Mabamba Swamp is famous for the elusive shoebill, a prehistoric-looking bird.

Boat trips through the swamp’s channels also reveal herons, kingfishers, and the papyrus gonolek. The swamp’s proximity to Entebbe makes it an easy day trip.

Rwanda (Nyungwe Forest National Park): This montane rainforest hosts 310 bird species, including 27 Albertine Rift endemics.

The canopy walkway offers panoramic views and sightings of turacos, sunbirds, and hornbills. Chimpanzee trekking and colobus monkey tracking are additional draws.

Tips: Bring binoculars and a field guide. Early morning trips maximize bird activity. In Nyungwe, combine birdwatching with the canopy walk for a full experience.

Cultural Experiences in Kampala (Uganda) and Iby’iwacu Cultural Village (Rwanda)

Why It’s a Must-Do: Engaging with local cultures enriches any visit. Kampala’s vibrant markets and nightlife, and Rwanda’s cultural villages, offer authentic glimpses into East African life.

Uganda (Kampala): Uganda’s capital is a bustling hub known for its nightlife, markets, and historical sites.

Visit Nakasero Market for local crafts and street food like the Rolex (a chapati-wrapped omelet). The Uganda National Mosque and Kasubi Tombs, a UNESCO site, highlight Buganda’s heritage. Kampala’s nightlife, with venues like Bubbles O’Leary’s, is legendary in East Africa.

Rwanda (Iby’iwacu Cultural Village): Near Volcanoes National Park, this village offers immersive experiences like traditional dance, craft-making, and storytelling.

Learn about Rwanda’s pre-colonial history and the Batwa people’s traditions. The village supports community development and cultural preservation.

Tips: In Kampala, take a guided walking tour to navigate the chaotic streets. At Iby’iwacu, participate in hands-on activities like basket weaving for a deeper connection.

Relaxing at Lake Kivu (Rwanda) and Ssese Islands (Uganda)

After adventurous activities, unwinding by Rwanda’s Lake Kivu or Uganda’s Ssese Islands offers tranquility and stunning scenery.

Rwanda (Lake Kivu): Located in Gisenyi, Lake Kivu is a volcanic lake with sandy beaches and hot springs. Activities include kayaking, boat trips, and sunset picnics. Lodges like Paradise Malahide provide idyllic settings for relaxation.

Uganda (Ssese Islands): This archipelago in Lake Victoria features sandy beaches, lush forests, and activities like birdwatching, fishing, and nature walks. Resorts offer romantic getaways, making it ideal for couples.

Tips: Book accommodations early, especially for Ssese Islands, as options are limited. Avoid swimming in Lake Kivu’s hot springs if you have sensitive skin, and check for safety advisories.

Planning Your Trip

Best Time to Visit: The dry seasons (June–September and December–February) are ideal for most activities, offering better weather for trekking, safaris, and outdoor adventures.

However, Uganda and Rwanda are year-round destinations, with the wet seasons (March–May and October–November) offering lush landscapes and fewer crowds.

Travel Logistics: Fly into Entebbe International Airport (Uganda) or Kigali International Airport (Rwanda). The East African visa allows multiple entries between Uganda, Rwanda, and Kenya, simplifying travel. A 4×4 vehicle is recommended for rural areas, especially for gorilla trekking.

Budget Considerations: Gorilla trekking is the most expensive activity, with permits costing $800 in Uganda and $1,500 in Rwanda.

Budget for accommodations, transport, and guides. Uganda is generally more affordable, while Rwanda’s tourism is more premium.

Cultural Sensitivity: Respect local customs, dress modestly at cultural sites, and ask permission before photographing people. In Rwanda, be mindful when discussing the genocide, and follow guides’ instructions at memorials.

Conservation Impact: Many activities, like gorilla and chimpanzee trekking, support conservation through permit fees.

Choosing responsible tour operators, like us, ensures your visit benefits local communities and wildlife.